Instructional Technology:
“Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.” (AECT,2008)
This definition has a comprehensive meaning that Instructional Technology is consider as an important factor in learning and teaching. Moreover, this definition includes the process of learning goals that enable students to design, research, and communicate with their instructors.
This definition has a comprehensive meaning that Instructional Technology is consider as an important factor in learning and teaching. Moreover, this definition includes the process of learning goals that enable students to design, research, and communicate with their instructors.
History of instructional technology:
The Early definition of the field focuses on Instructional Media.They used some materials like films, pictures, and lantern slides in schools.These materials were used to present information.Then, the focus of the field transfers from visual to audiovisual instruction as a result of the advancing in media.
On the other hand, the AECT definition of IT focuses on instructional as a process. This process includes facilitate learning, improve performance by applying the special skills that students have, and manage the good process of technology.
During the period of war, Army Air force produced a lot of films and filmstrips.Also, the federal government established the Division of visual Aids for War Training.Those training films has employed in the military as projects, Slide projects, audio equipment, and simulators.
Moreover, there are psychologists and educators work on military duty like writing research and improve training. They evaluated trainees and chose the best of them who benefit from the program. Psychologists tested the intellectual psychomotor and perceptual skills of people who succeed in the program. People who have a poorly score being on other programs.The percentage of people who have succeeded in the program has increased by the military.After war, psychologists kept to put solutions on Instructional problems.They worked for organizations as “a system, and developed a number of innovative analysis, design, and evaluation procedures”.For instance, Miller was worked on projects for the military.
On the other hand, the AECT definition of IT focuses on instructional as a process. This process includes facilitate learning, improve performance by applying the special skills that students have, and manage the good process of technology.
During the period of war, Army Air force produced a lot of films and filmstrips.Also, the federal government established the Division of visual Aids for War Training.Those training films has employed in the military as projects, Slide projects, audio equipment, and simulators.
Moreover, there are psychologists and educators work on military duty like writing research and improve training. They evaluated trainees and chose the best of them who benefit from the program. Psychologists tested the intellectual psychomotor and perceptual skills of people who succeed in the program. People who have a poorly score being on other programs.The percentage of people who have succeeded in the program has increased by the military.After war, psychologists kept to put solutions on Instructional problems.They worked for organizations as “a system, and developed a number of innovative analysis, design, and evaluation procedures”.For instance, Miller was worked on projects for the military.
My Philosophy of Education:
Integrating technology is an important factor in my philosophy in learning to facilitate the information for students. “Computers, with the development of information technologies, have shown itself as the most powerful tool to develop students’ ability,” (Tatli & Ayas, 2012, p. 148). They indicate the importance of using technology to improve students’ skills. There are many things that I would use it in technology in education. First, as a teacher, insertion a PowerPoint to the class especially in science and math can assist me to make the subject easier for students. Furthermore, having groups of students to make a research project and present their project by using technology like PowerPoint or video. Making an online discussion and discuss with students some questions about every class to make it interactive and active. Also, using a smart board in class to highlight and illustrate some points so that students can pay attentions and following the instructors step by step.
In ETEC500, I wrote my philosophy of education as student and instructor comparing with three learning theories which is behaviorism, constructivisim , and cognitivisim.
In ETEC500, I wrote my philosophy of education as student and instructor comparing with three learning theories which is behaviorism, constructivisim , and cognitivisim.
Experts of Instructional Technology:
Robert Gange:
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Robert Gagne (1916–2002) was an educational psychologist who pioneered the science of instruction in the 1940s. His book "The Conditions of Learning," first published in 1965, identified the mental conditions that are necessary for effective learning.
Gagne created a nine-step process that detailed each element required for effective learning. The model is useful for all types of learning, but this article focuses on applying it to training your team in a work environment. Gagne's Nine Levels of Learning model gives trainers and educators a checklist to use before they engage in teaching or training activities. Each step highlights a form of communication that aids the learning process. When each step is completed in turn, learners are much more likely to be engaged and to retain the information or skills that they're being taught. If you use this approach before any type of training session or presentation, you'll remember how to structure your session so that your people get the best possible learning experience. |
http://www.glogster.com/rtuchm1/robert-gagne/g-6mvf6q5sbhph84u31j4rha0
Image Source: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/296252481709147020/
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B.F. Skinner:
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B.F Skinner Born in Pennsylvania in 1904, psychologist B.F. Skinner began working on ideas of human behavior after earning his doctorate from Harvard. Skinner's works include The Behavior of Organisms (1938) and a novel based on his theories Walden Two (1948). He explored behaviorism in relation to society in later books, including Beyond Freedom and Human Dignity (1971). Skinner died in Massachusetts in 1990.
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Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._F._Skinner
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Instructional Technology Theories:
ADDIE Model:
*Image Source: http://addiesolutions.com/blog/addie
The ADDIE model consider one of the most important models that instructional designers use in order to deliver effective learning, training, and performance. Personally, I used this model many times to develop some projects in my master's program.
Dick and Garey Model:
*Image Source: http://www.instructionaldesign.org/models/dick_carey_model.html
This model help instructional designer to build and develop some instructional program by using technology in order to deliver an effective learning.
Interview with Professional in Instructional Technology:
In this interview, I introduced to you many things that have some important information and trends about my teacher who taught me at the King Abdulaziz university in Saudi Arabia
Name of the Interviewee: Bushra Alshareef.
Date: November 19, 2014
Place/Method of communication: After I got her permission to conduct the in interview with her in Saudi Arabia, the interview was did by Skype (Phone interview)
Duration of the Interview: It took one hour and 10 minutes.
Interview Questions:
Name of the Interviewee: Bushra Alshareef.
Date: November 19, 2014
Place/Method of communication: After I got her permission to conduct the in interview with her in Saudi Arabia, the interview was did by Skype (Phone interview)
Duration of the Interview: It took one hour and 10 minutes.
Interview Questions:
- What is your job title?
- What are your main job responsibilities?
- What are the main competencies you need to fulfill your job requirements successfully?
- What are the most prominent instructional technology phenomena/trends in your workplace/sector (K-12, higher education, business, medicine, military…)?
- What is your view of new direction in the field?
- If you hire a new instructional designer/ technology support staff/ etc., what qualities are important to you? Are there any specific competencies that you are looking for?
- Are there any internship opportunities or fieldwork experience available in your workplace?
Sample Work of Foundation:
References:
Reiser, R. A., & Dempsey, J. V. (2012). Trends and issues in instructional design and technology (3rd ed.). Boston: Pearson.
https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/gagne.htm
http://www.biography.com/people/bf-skinner-9485671
https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/gagne.htm
http://www.biography.com/people/bf-skinner-9485671
